The Insider Secrets for Ivy League Essays

<h1> The Insider Secrets for Ivy League Essays </h1> <h2>What Needs to be Done About Ivy League Essays Before You Miss Your Chance </h2> <p>Unlike a few of my buddies, I'm a special kid. Regardless, home'' is a muddled thought. Here, we give a house for our top Ivy League tips. Article my everyday daily practice in summer occasions. </p> <p>We have 22,000 applications, in this manner it's easy to mix in the group. This is a colossal preferred position for anyone. Recorded here are six of the absolute best contributing books for amateurs that can help you. Interestingly, every single one of the fundamental structure and distributing power is. </p> <h2>The Advantages of Ivy League Essays </h2> <p>If you're on a little financial plan, our arrangement of limits and adaptable evaluating will let you locate the ideal scholarly papers that will fulfill your desires. 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Police Function Essay Topics

Police Function Essay TopicsPolice function essay topics have been made popular and more students seek them. Some students may not realize it, but they are choosing to write police function essays to help prepare for college. Here are some of the police function essay topics that are being used by many students.These are examples of political science and sociology. You will see that these topics are used in many classes throughout the world today. However, a police function essay topic will most likely be used by many students. All you need to do is figure out why and what the purpose of your essay is going to be.A police function essay can be very specific. For example, students may use this as an argument in their high school senior thesis. If this is your first try at writing one, you may want to begin by reading as much about the police and the people that work in the police force.If you are planning on writing a police function essay, you will want to have one paragraph for the description of the police and the other for the history of the police. Your essay will also need to be written in a logical order. Each paragraph should then lead to the next one. The objective of this essay is to convince the reader of your level of knowledge and expertise about the subject.This police function essay can also be used in both sociology and political science classes. This is because it is an interesting topic. There are many stories of the police and how they handled issues. This will be applicable to anyone who wants to talk about law enforcement or the police. They will be able to describe many of the things that are currently happening in the world today.Another police function essay topic is criminal justice. This is an interesting one because it relates to all types of people and crimes. It can apply to high school and college students, to criminals as well as people that love the law. The essay will discuss how society works as well as the justice system itself .A police function essay can take quite a bit of time to write. However, if you use some of the police function essay topics that are available, it will not take as long. Make sure that you start by reading and researching about this topic. That way, you will be prepared when it comes time to write your essay.

Surprising Facts About Topics for Latino Immigration Essay Revealed by an Old Pro

Surprising Facts About Topics for Latino Immigration Essay Revealed by an Old Pro When combined with how the gap in wealth between wealthy and poor countries is ever increasing, it's obvious that immigration is something which is only likely to grow. The majority of the times, it's seen as a substitute for the not-so-well-off people who see it like a chance for a new life. Regardless of what part you're likely to write at first. In the end, there was also an issue of race. Top Topics for Latino Immigration Essay Choices DHS will probably return to the drawing board to determine methods to deal with issues of fraud. For instance, immigration is a great deal more diverse today. He is something that has occurred for a long period of time, but due to the modern advancements in travel and other technology, it is becoming more and more common. He has become a big global issue, especially in the field of economics, trade, and business. Third, it gives a shelter for people who f ace the chance of political or religious persecution from their very own country. This country would need to decrease immigration to 255,000 a year to do this task (Beck 1). As is frequently the situation, a number of the pressures between the 2 populations came about because of money. Assess the tension between immigration and the growth of populist and right-wing political parties in recent decades. Alternatively, to mind mapping, you can make a list of ideas which you have for your paper. Before start, you may read few distinctive guides about how to compose a crucial essay. The more information you've got on your paper, the ideal quality you'll be able to develop while writing. Your paper will begin with the topic. There are a lot of things that you should include in immigration essays all of which we are totally versed in. You might have plenty of ideas which may lead to your essay, but not all them are worth mentioning in an outline. There are plenty of them online nowadays, and you will readily find all you will need. It's by no means exhaustive and there are quite a few different possibilities. Breadwinners don't need to work abroad should they find high-paying jobs in their very own nation. People, usually young folks, are leaving poorer portions of the world searching for job opportunities in the richer portion of the world. Immigrants bring about some positivity too, including skills and experience needed in an assortment of American industries. Lies You've Been Told About Topics for Latino Immigration Essay A lot of people in the united states complain about the gain of immigrants in the nation but don't realize there are lots of jobs natives are unwilling to do. An individual might argue that the immigrants are people after all and that they need to not be discriminated against even should they come illegally into the nation. Politically, immigrants take an important part in the presidential elections. About sixty-eight mill ion immigrants are added to the usa since 1970, and it's projected that 130 million people will be added over the subsequent fifty decades. Illegal immigrants are people that are not authorized to reside in a nation. Latinos also wield significant financial clout. It is very important to understand that Latinos represent a number of geographic and ethnic backgrounds. Many Mexicans found their very own method to be successful though. The Definitive Strategy to Topics for Latino Immigration Essay Recently, people wanting to reunite with their relatives, who might already have citizenship in the USA has become the major source of immigration. Many of these folks believe the usa is the ideal place to go. A whole lot of immigrants from foreign nations have the mentality that should they come to the United States of america and unable to uncover a job then they can receive governmental aid such as Welfare. Permanent residents are allow working in america and are ready to declare citizenship. Here's What I Know About Topics for Latino Immigration Essay Human rights and needs ought to be considered and the positives re lated to immigrants will need to get evaluated before the present government produces a decision on evicting or locking out anyone. A review of such advantages and costs could be carried out. There's been a public outcry over affirmative action that is the discrimination of immigrants at their workplace. A great deal of public controversy was sparked on the discourse of affirmative action, which is all about the discrimination of the immigrants at work.

A Disappeared World By Chris Lowney - 1545 Words

A vanished World written by Chris Lowney chronicles the daily life of the Jews, Muslims and Christians, living in the Muslim kingdoms in Medieval Spain. He covers different spectrum of this world that was torn by religious antagonism. In Medieval Spain, in the medieval Spanish villages Muslims, Christians, and Jews rubbed shoulders on a daily basis. They shared irrigation system, bathhouses, municipal ovens, and marketplaces. But they created a system that made everything work efficiently. Medieval Spaniards introduced Europeans to paper manufacture, Hindu-Arabic numerals, philosophical classics, algebra, citrus fruits, cotton, and new medical techniques. More astonishing than Spain s wide-ranging accomplishments, however, was the†¦show more content†¦Rising above politics, propaganda, and name-calling, A Vanished World provides a hopeful meditation on how relations among these three faith groups have gone wrong and some ideas on how to make their interactions right. This b ook is not a conventionally styled history of the kings, battles and dynasties of Spain from 711 to 1492, but a work that makes medieval Spain’s thrilling and horrific stories about the adaptation and collision who the three great monotheistic faiths that Chris Lovey begin this book in 711 C.E. when about 10,000 Muslim invaders from North Africa came up with a plot to conquer the Iberian Peninsula, which had a population of 5 million. The Muslims ended up vanquishing the Visigoth monarchy in Spain and Spain became the first and only Islamic state to take root on mainland Europe. The Visigoth are descendants of northern European barbarians who had seized control of the Iberian Peninsula about two centuries prior, but under their rule the economy suffered. When the Muslim conquered the Peninsula and began their rule, the economy and cultural life began to flourished. They had advance technology and trade system that was unrivaled in Europe. Even though the Muslims had a pretty unchallenged ruling, the Christians rulers were still in the north with resentment, waiting to reconquer Spain from the Muslims. The Muslims, Jews and Christians embraced and rejected each

Environmentally Sustainable Work Practices Two Key Procedures

Question: Discuss about the Environmentally Sustainable Work Practices for the Two Key Procedures. Answer: 1: Analysis of the two key procedures The number of natural resources in the earth is dwindling down due to population explosion. Consequently, sustainable methods need to be applied to our conventional ways of working with natural resources so that the pressure on such resources decreases. It is imperative that the people make use of the resources judiciously and incur minimum wastage. This approach is called sustainability and it will ensure that the resources are reserved for the future generation. There are certain duties or provisions which are considered as essential functions in the workplace, that is, the restaurant. Two of the most important duties comprise the following: Local food: In the past the people were more or less dependent on the seasonal produce. Food crops were produced and consumed according to seasons. Conversely, in todays age of technological advancement, different kinds of food can be procured from different parts of the earth. However, innovative ways of production and preservation and refrigerators have ensured regular supply of different varieties of food. On the other hand, this has lead to the creation of carbon footprints which is harmful for the environment. In order to promote sustainability, food that is produced locally should be used in a restaurant ("Sustainable food tips | Green Hotels | Green Hotelier", 2016). Water: According to recent surveys, clean drinking water is inaccessible to about 1 billion people all around the world. The reason behind this deficit is the imprudent manner of usage of water. Water is being wasted every moment in some form or the other ("UN-Water: Statistics", 2016). This deficit is mainly noticed in the third world countries. Hence it becomes imperative that actions are directed towards the proper usage of this priceless natural resource. The restaurants, nowadays, have adopted the use of tap water instead of bottled waters to promote sustainability and save this resource. ("Sustainable food tips | Green Hotels | Green Hotelier", 2016). 2: Process maps for the processes chosen. Figure 1: Process map for transported food Source: (As created by the author) Figure 2: Process map for water Source: (As created by the author) Identification of the resources used: Resources used Wastes generated Environmental impact Fertilizers Too much usage of fertilizers. Excessive fertilizers lead to land and water pollution. Preservatives like nitrites and sodium benzoate Excessive usage of preservatives to maintain the freshness of food. Preservatives, when used in excess, lead to the formation of carcinogenic elements. Aluminum or steel cans with an inner coating of Biphenyl A Biphenyl A interacts with the food contained in the can. Biphenyl A is toxic for human health. Cardboard/paper Cardboard wastage. Cardboard is non biodegradable resource which causes land pollution. Electricity Electricity is used in transportation of packaged food to various malls and markets. Electricity is produced with the help of non renewable resources like coal. Excessive usage leads to over usage of such precious natural resources. Water Water is wasted while packaging. The amount of safe, drinking water has decreased around the world. 3: Accurate method of measuring the resources: Resources used Method of measurement Fertilizers Fertilizers should be used according to the requirements of the crops as well as the composition of the soil and is measured in percentage. Preservatives The preservatives are subject to pre-market assessment procedures or their safety in their usage. Aluminum / Biphenyl Measured in percentage, it is generally believed that cans contain Bisphenyl as its inner coating as well as those without ie, is equally harmful for human health. Cardboard/ Paper The cardboard paper used was used in excess when its weight was measured. Electricity Meter reading. Water Meter reading 4: Simple environmental monitoring activity: Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Total Fertilizers 50 kg Not required Not required Not required Not required 50 kg Preservatives 150 p.p.m. 100 p.p.m. 120 p.p.m. 120 p.p.m. 120 p.p.m. 610 p.p.m. Aluminum/Biphenyl (in %) 50 60 50 45 30 25 Cardboard/paper 50 pack 40 pack 60 pack 35pack 80 pack 53 pack Electricity (kw) 41253 52463 42536 58795 45263 39kw Water (kl) 4253 4986 4123 4523 4155 4kL Assignment Three: Background Information: The work processes: Water conservation: Water has always been used generously in my workplace as there always has been a demand for hygienic cleaning. The excessive water is used for cleaning the workplace properly. Hence, the amount of water used is above the normal level. Consequently, there is a need to reduce water consumption as it has an adverse impact on the environment as well as the budget of the workplace (Abrahamse and Steg, 2013). It has become imperative in the workplace to spread awareness among us regarding the issue of water conservation. Punishments like extra work after the scheduled working hours are meted out to those who fail to comply with the rules and regulations of the workplace. Chemical cleaning conservation: One of the most important works that is done in the workplace is cleaning up of the workplace at the end of the day (L et al., 2013). Cleaning is done with the help of chemical cleaners or sprays. We keep a record of the cleaners by keeping a count on the bottles used. This procedure helps in keeping tabs over the usage of the cleaners. We make efforts to reduce the number of bottles used every week and we encourage the lower usage of such bottles by giving rewards. Execution of the work processes: There never has been any particular way of controlling the usage of the stocks in our workplace. However, we have maintained a record of the purchases we made on regular basis. This procedure has helped in making us aware of the amount of supplies we are using. We are aware of the fact that any misuse of products will lead to wastage. Therefore, we have set a goal for ourselves that we would allow minimal wastage and maximum utilization of the products. Potentiality for improvement: A strict system is adopted to maintain the sustainable methods that we adopted at our workplace. In the beginning, the system proved to be difficult for us to follow as it disrupted the normal work procedures. However, with time, the system was followed without a hitch and no problems were further encountered in the workplace. Consultation with the stake holders: Summarization of the outcomes: The system at our workplace is very well organized and well maintained. The maintenance of the system requires the presence of a good team (Jasiulewicz-Kaczmarek DroÃ…Â ¼yner 2013). The screening process of team members is made strict which ensures that only reliable candidates are chosen for the team. The screening process is being adopted so that the team maintains the standard. We consult with each other and share our opinions and suggestions as we are directed towards the common goal, that is, the improvement of the workplace. We are a responsible team and we intend to make the workplace a better place through our efforts. We try to use innovative systems for our workplace. We adopted certain minor changes in our workplace which were easier for us to assimilate into our work culture. Improvements: Description of the changes: We had brought about improvements in our menu as well as the design. The layout of the menu is kept neat and clean and the requisite information should be provided in a better manner. we make it a point that we listen to the feedback of the customers and on the basis of that information, we make suitable changes. With the help of the survey we conducted on the customers, we came to the conclusion that the menu did not contain any new food items in the menu. The customers were actually bored with the existing menu. Hence, we changed our strategies and made some new food items with the help of the existing equipments. The new menu was made with accordance to the season. Since the current season was winter, there was a high demand for hot foods and heaters. This kind of improvements would increase the footfalls at the restaurant and we would be able to address the demands of the customers effectively. Outcomes: The outcomes of the changes: Figure 3: Performance chart of the employees Source: (As created by the author) As evident from the chart given above, the improvements have brought about a significant change in the satisfaction of the customers. The flow of customers has increased and they had given a positive feedback on the basis of our services and the food. Time played a major role in the whole procedure as we had not made public the changes as such. We had to rely on the customers to realize the changes for themselves. With the passage of time, our efforts bore the prize. As the customers discovered the changes they came up with an affirmative review. Evaluation: Evaluation of the strategies and improvement plans: The evaluation of the strategies requires the knowledge of the customer needs and demands. On the basis of the information collected, we can plan our strategies and policies. In the whole procedure, we also made use of our creative ideas. A change in perspective brought about the necessary changes and the changes paid off in an effective manner. Achievements of the plans: The intended outcomes were achieved as we were aware of the needs of the customers and our own innovative ideas and accordingly made the changes. Problems with the plans or strategies used: We faced some problems in the adjustment of the budget due to the changes that we brought about. Improvements in the food and the equipments incurred some amount of money which was originally included in the budget. Modifications: Recommendation of modifications in the work place: Any workplace should be open to changes for improvements (Appelbaum, 2013). The major improvement which occurred to our workplace was the change in the menu. Seasonal foods were given importance in our menu. Some of the food items did not receive the desired response. The winter season made sure that we use foods which were warm and wanted by the customers. We also have to make sure that the menu comprises a wide range of food items. This change has to be brought keeping in mind that the customers who will be coming to the restaurant will belong to different sections of society. There should be premium food items to those who have the power of affording such food. There should also be food items with lower costs to enable people with lower budgets to opt for our restaurant. Recommendations for incentives: The meals for the stuff are quite limited since it involves complication in its preparation. However, there should be room for improvement in the staff food on the basis of our wishes. This stance would enable the staff to comply with sustainable changes that were brought about in the workplace. The percentage in tips should also be adjusted to increase the efficiency of the service provided. Efficiency targets: New efficiency targets: It has come to notice that the staff gets leisure time in their hands while waiting for the customers to arrive. It should be made sure that the staff should use this free time as effectively as possible. The spare time should not be used in fruitless conservations which could otherwise be used in doing meaningful tasks (Parry et al., 2013). The staff should know that the employers pay the employees and has some expectations from them. The staff should be engaged in doing some kind of work instead of whiling away his time. Incentives in the form of rewards should be awarded to those who effectively and efficiently work in the restaurant. References: Sustainable food tips | Green Hotels | Green Hotelier. (2016). Greenhotelier.org. Retrieved 30 August 2016, from https://www.greenhotelier.org/our-themes/community-communication-engagement/sustainability-in-the-kitchen-food-drink/ UN-Water: Statistics. (2016). Unwater.org. Retrieved 31 August 2016, from https://www.unwater.org/statistics/en/?page=5ipp=10tx_dynalist_pi1%5Bpar%5D=YToxOntzOjE6IkwiO3M6MDoiIjt9 Abrahamse, W., Steg, L. (2013). Social influence approaches to encourage resource conservation: a meta-analysis.Global environmental change,23(6), 1773-1785. L, L. M. M., Jolivot, P. A., Yaye, H. S., Rieutord, A., Bellanger, A., Pradeau, D., ... Caudron, E. (2013). Effectiveness of cleaning of workplace cytotoxic surface.International archives of occupational and environmental health,86(3), 333-341. Jasiulewicz-Kaczmarek, M., DroÃ…Â ¼yner, P. (2013, July). Social dimension of sustainable developmentsafety and ergonomics in maintenance activities. InInternational Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction(pp. 175-184). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Parry, S., Straker, L., Gilson, N. D., Smith, A. J. (2013). Participatory workplace interventions can reduce sedentary time for office workersa randomised controlled trial.PLoS One,8(11), e78957. Appelbaum, E. (2013). The impact of new forms of work organization on workers.Work and Employment in the High Performance Workplace,120.

International theories and Copenhagen Climate Treaty

Introduction One week conference was held in Copenhagen in Denmark for two weeks; in December 2009 to fight against global warming, an effect of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. The participants included countries all over the world.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International theories and Copenhagen Climate Treaty specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More President Obama of the U.S. was optimistic and had hoped that U.S. would be at the front line in the fight against global warming. However, expectations of the meeting failed even after about 45,000 people participation. This essay will discuss why the summit failed to accomplish its expectations. Two theories, neo-realism and neo-liberalism will be the basis of the discussion; with reference to the climate politics on the basis of international relations. International relations include law, economics, ethics, strategy, philosophy, culture, environment and policy an alysis (Relations 1). The theories of the approach, realism and neo-realism will also be discussed including their characteristics. Copenhagen Summit on Climate Change The Copenhagen summit was meant to create unity in reduction of greenhouse gases by involving countries all over the world. The inclusion was meant to allow all countries to play a role, whether big or small towards this event. This happened later after the introduction of the Kyoto protocol. Due to increased greenhouse gases emitted mostly by the developing countries, there was need to raise an alarm so as to reduce the influence of the gases to climate change and global warming; that had been seen to have negative impacts on the environment. The Copenhagen summit proposed for Copenhagen Green Climate Fund which would raise $100 billion annually to assist the developing countries; to protect themselves from global warming and to adapt to climate change (Wynn 1).Advertising Looking for essay on international rela tions? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The summit also emphasized on saving the tropical forests so as to stop depletion of carbon sinks. Farms and forest clearing contributed about 33% of the greenhouse gases. The Kyoto protocol seemed to omit some of the crucial areas that contribute to global warming. This is because it excludes green house emissions from shipping and aviation which emits about 5% of total GHG. Kyoto protocol had planned to reduce emissions by introduction of carbon trading in the markets. The emitting countries were supposed to be paying for the emissions they made (Wynn 1). Neo-realism and Neo-liberalism Theories These two international relations theories seek to explain different arguments but they apply some assumptions which are quite similar to each other. Neoliberals say, â€Å"International cooperation could be achieved gradually and with effort and facilitation from cross border institutions† (Ta ylor 1). Neo-liberalism accepts the fact that states are the key actors in international relations. However they do not underestimate the influence of the non states as well as the non governmental organizations. They argue that states can cooperate if they know they will benefit at the end of the deal. This theory also considers economic factors in relation to open, free markets and institutionalism. Neo-realism, â€Å"underestimates the ability of states to cooperate and overemphasize the inevitability of conflict† (Taylor 1). Neo-realism argues that nations are inclined to influence of external factors; and that there is usually domination of the powerful influencing decisions to their own interests. Climate politics showed that there was a great influence on relations between states. The result of the conference according to neo-realism was failure of cooperation and little achievement according to neo-realism. Role of International Actors The U.S. and China were the main actors in this conference. European Union, India, Australia, Japan and developing countries participated. They greatly affected the results of the summit. U.S is the greatest emitter of Green house gases. Its failure to ratify with the Kyoto Protocol was an excuse for China in this second proposal.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International theories and Copenhagen Climate Treaty specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The U.S. president Barack Obama had great goals to change and contribute towards reduction of GHG emissions. The proposed draft prospects were to reduce emissions by 17% below 2005 emissions by 2020. The new solution was an agreement of many countries with a removal of Kyoto protocol and commitment of China, India and other countries with high economic growth (The New York times, 1). China, being one of the fast growing economies eliminated about 1.6 billion tons of Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere by the year 2010. It was also committed to reduce its emissions. China wanted a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions by 40% below 1990 levels by 2020. They also needed support to the developing countries from the developed countries. India believed that the global warming was mainly caused by the developed countries and thus it is their responsibility to deal with the problem. Being the forth highest country to emit carbon dioxide in the world, India looked onto the west to solve the problem. India had only their domestic interest other than cooperating to solve a global problem. European Union was a major participant in the Copenhagen talks (The New York times, 1). The European Union was committed to reduce GHG emissions but there was also a conflict between it, the wealthier and poor nations. The problem of funding its efforts has also been problematic. The target of European Union was to reduce emissions by 20% below 1990 levels by 2020. Australia was also supporting the idea of emissions trading. Their target was to cut emissions by 5% below those of year 2000 in a period of ten years. Japan was also committing to cut down their emissions by 7% of year 1990 (The New York times, 2). Developing countries also participated because global warming had adverse effects on their economy. Though they did not have large emissions, they were mostly affected by the effects of global warming. They faced drought, floods and storms. They needed developed countries to apply better technology in their equipment. They also needed aid to help in protection of their countries (The New York times 2).Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The international Copenhagen convention was thus more of Neo-realism. Most decisions were influenced by the powerful economically. The conflict between the U.S A and other rising economies including China brought a disagreement. In this case United States was not able to control the outcome. Constructivism was evident because according to social politics, the superior always affect the final decision. Thus, the greater the economic growth of a country, the more the influence it had on the final decision. However, at that time, U.S. did not make it to the final decision, because their opinion was opposed though it was thought to be a superior. President Obama had been committed to the great task and included all nations, developing and developed. The conference was said to be chaotic President Obama injected himself into a multilayered negotiation that was far more chaotic and contentious than anticipated – frozen by longstanding divisions between rich and poor nations and a l egacy of mistrust of the United States, which has long refused to accept binding limits on its greenhouse emissions. (New York Times 1) This shows that the conflict was brought by disagreements which were brought up by U.S and other powerful countries that did not want to be influenced or to be controlled. Reasons for Failure of Copenhagen Summit The political influence and individual country instability posed a great challenge in achieving the expected goals which were meant to stop climate change. This was a great idea but the problem was that the proposed solutions had a connection with many economical activities in different countries. Neo- liberalism was the approach of this conference since climate change problems could only be solved by having participants from all over the world. This was because it was a global challenge. Its assumption of cooperation between all countries failed and was therefore challenged by the Neo-realism theory (Thomas 1). This was clear because most countries were expecting good results and agreement between countries. However the turn up was positive and supported the Neo-liberalism. Neo-realism dominated because, most of the developing countries were relying on industries for their economic growth. Most of them had a negative impact on the environment, the control measures would perhaps mean closure of their industries because they would become subject to paying high bills for their emissions (Thomas 1). Failure of cooperation because of domestic interests caused failure of the Copenhagen summit objectives. Major countries were India and China. These together with other rising countries opposed the proposed solutions, since they would have had a great effect on their economy. Domestic instability caused some countries to feel insecure about the decisions made to overcome negative effects of climate Change. The conflict came as a result of rich countries failing to take their respective responsibilities. The agreement was supp osed to be made after the meeting where treaties of every country would be signed by their respective representative to show their support and agreement by the year 2010. The Chinese said they turned down the offer because United States had previously refused to cooperate in the Kyoto protocol (Thomas 1). The Kyoto protocol controls Green House Gases (GHG): â€Å"Kyoto protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations framework convention on climate change† (Kyoto Protocol 1). It works towards reduction of Green House gases emissions through Carbon trading, clean development mechanism and joint mechanism. Kyoto protocol committed those involved to control the GHG while the convention at Copenhagen was encouraging to decrease the emissions of GHG (Kyoto Protocol 1). Kyoto protocol controls almost 40 rich nations emissions from 2008-2012. Decision of whether the Copenhagen treaty would have been to sign a new or sign both treaties was a challenge to reach to a comprehensive decision. Failure of U.S to ratify the Kyoto protocol was one of the contentious issues since the Chinese blamed them for then emissions of the past years and argued they were supposed to first take responsibility of their emissions (Kyoto Protocol 1). Rich countries were supporting the signing of a common treaty including all countries. On the other hand developing countries were looking for a way to bind the United States on the decisions they were about to make in a way they could benefit from them. Time duration of how long the treaty was supposed to take was another problem the Copenhagen encountered. Conclusion Global warming and climate change are global issues which need participation from countries all over the world. The Copenhagen conference was mainly supported by the U.S. but opposed by other fast economically growing countries including China and India. Australia, Japan and most countries were optimistic about this event but their expectations were cut s hort after they were opposed. For a positive impact to occur, better planning involving all countries should be done. Each country should not focus on their domestic issues but approach the problem as global issue. Power and domestic issues only sabotaged the process. Works Cited Kyoto Protocol. United Nations Framework convention on climate change. Kyoto Protocol, 2011. Web. New York Times. Copenhagen Climate Talks. New York Times, 2011. Web. Relations. International Relations. Sage Publishers, 2011. Web. Taylor, Nicholus. The Neo debate in international relations Theory. Tayylormckeler, 2010. Web. The New York Times. Energy and Environment. New York Times, 2011. Web. Thomas, Alex. Why the United Nations Climate Change Conference Failed. Word Press, 2010. Web. Wynn, Gerard. What was agreed and left unfinished in U.N climate change. Reuters, 2011. Web. This essay on International theories and Copenhagen Climate Treaty was written and submitted by user Elise Walker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

98 Election Vocabulary Terms

98 Election Vocabulary Terms Every November has an Election Day, set by statute as the Tuesday next after the first Monday in November. This day is provided for the  general elections  of  federal  public officials. General elections of state and local public officials are   included on this first Tuesday after November 1. To talk about the importance of any federal, state, and local elections, students will need to understand the key terms or vocabulary as part of their  civics instruction.   The  Social Studies Frameworks for College, Career, and Civic Life  (C3s) outline  the requirements teachers must follow to prepare students to participate in a productive constitutional democracy:​ ....[student] civic engagement requires knowledge of the history, principles, and foundations of our American democracy, and the ability to participate in civic and democratic processes. People demonstrate civic engagement when they address public problems individually and collaboratively and when they maintain, strengthen, and improve communities and societies. Thus, civics is, in part, the study of how people participate in governing society (31). Associate Justice Sandra Day O’Connor  echoed the responsibility that teachers have to prepare students for their role as citizens. She has stated: â€Å"Knowledge about our system of government, our rights and responsibilities as citizens, is not passed down through the gene pool. Each generation must be taught and we have work to do!† To understand any upcoming election, high school students should become familiar with the vocabulary of the electoral process. Teachers should be aware that some language is also cross-disciplinary. For example, personal appearance can refer to a persons wardrobe and demeanor, but in the context of an election, it means an event that a candidate attends in person.   Teachers can use an analogy to objects students know to teach some of the vocabulary  needed for informed citizenship.   For example, the teacher may write on the board, â€Å"The candidate stands by his record.† Students may then say what they think the term means. The teacher can then discuss with the students the nature of a  candidates record  (something written down or what a person says). This will help students understand how the context of the word record  is more specific in an election: record: a list showing a candidates or elected officials voting history (often in relation to a specific issue) Once they understand the meaning of the word, students may then decide to research a candidates record on websites such as Ontheissues.org. Vocabulary Software Program One way to help students become familiar with this election year vocabulary is to have them use the digital platform Quizlet. This free software gives teachers and students a variety of modes: specialized learning mode, flashcards, randomly generated tests, and collaboration tools to study words. Teachers can create, copy, and modify vocabulary lists to suit the needs of their students; not all words need to be included. The entire list of the 98 words below isavailable on QUIZLETfor teachers and students. 98 Vocabulary Terms for the Election Season: Absentee ballot: a mailable paper ballot that is used by voters who will not be able to vote on Election Day (like military personnel stationed overseas). The absentee ballots are mailed before election day and counted on election day. Abstain: to refuse to exercise the right to vote. Acceptance speech: speech delivered by a candidate when accepting a political party’s nomination for the national presidential election. Absolute majority: a total of more than 50% of the votes cast. Alternative energy:  a source of energy other than fossil fuels, e.g. wind, solar Amendment: a  change to the U.S. Constitution or the constitution of a state. Voters must approve any changes to a constitution. Bipartisan: support that is given by members of the two major political parties (i.e.: the Democrats and the Republicans).   Blanket primary: a primary election in which the names of all the candidates for all the parties are on one ballot. Ballot: either in paper form or electronic, the way voters to show their vote preferences or a list of candidates. (ballot box: the  box used to hold ballots to be counted). Campaign: the process of gathering public support for a candidate. Campaign ad:  advertising in support of (or against) a candidate. Campaign finance:  money political candidates use for their campaigns. Campaign mailing:  flyers, letters, postcards, etc., mailed to citizens to promote a candidate. Campaign website:  Internet website devoted to getting an individual elected. Campaign season: a period of time that candidates work to inform the public and gain support before the election. Candidate: the person running for elected office. Cast:  to vote for a candidate or issue Caucus: meetings where political party leaders and supporters choose candidates through discussion and consensus. Center: representing  those beliefs that are in the middle between conservative and liberal ideals. Citizen: A person who is a legal member of a nation, country, or other organized, self-governing political community, such as any of the fifty U.S. states. Chief Executive:  Presidential role involving overseeing the Executive Branch of the government Closed primary: a primary election in which only those voters who have registered as belonging to a particular political party can vote. Coalition:  a group of political stakeholders that are working together. Commander-In-Chief:  Presidents role as being the leader of the military Congressional district: an area within a state from which a member of the House of Representatives is elected. There are 435 Congressional districts. Conservative:  have a belief or political leaning that favors individuals and businesses- not the government- to find solutions for society’s problems. Constituency:  the voters in a district that a legislator represents Contributor/donor: a person or organization that donates money to a candidate’s campaign for office. Consensus:  a majority agreement or opinion. Convention:  a meeting where a political party chooses its presidential candidate. Delegates:  the people who have been chosen to represent each state at a political party’s convention. Democracy:  a form of government in which people hold power, either by voting for measures directly or by voting for representatives who vote for them. Electorate:  all persons having the right to vote. Election Day: the Tuesday after the first Monday in November;   2016 Election will be held November 8th. Electoral College: each state has a group of people called electors who cast the actual votes for president. This group of 538 people  is chosen by the voters to elect the President of the United States.  When people vote for a presidential candidate, they are voting to decide for which candidate the electors in their state will vote.  electors: people elected by the voters in a presidential election as members of the electoral college Endorsement:  the support or approval for a candidate by a prominent individual. Exit poll: an informal poll taken as people leave the voting booth. Exit polls are used to predict the winners before the polls close. Federal system: a  form of government in which power is divided among a central government and state and local governments. Front-runner:  a front-runner is a political candidate who looks as though he/she is winning G.O.P.: the nickname used for the Republican Party and stands for the Grand Old Party. Inauguration Day: the day a new president and vice president are sworn into office (January 20). Incumbent: a  person who already holds an office who is running for reelection independent voter:  A person who chooses to register to vote with no party affiliation. The decision to register as an independent voter does not register a voter with any third party although these third parties are often referred to as independent parties. Initiative:  a  proposed law that voters can place on the ballot in some states. If the initiative is passed, it will become a law or constitutional amendment. Issues: topics on which citizens feel strongly;  common examples are immigration, access to health care, finding energy sources, and how to provide quality education. Leadership qualities:  personality traits that inspire confidence include honesty, good communication skills, trustworthiness, commitment, intelligence Left: another word for liberal political views. Liberal: political leaning that favors  the governments role in solving society’s problems and a belief that government should take action for creating solutions. Libertarian:  a person who belongs to the Libertarian political party. Majority party: the political party that is represented by more than 50% of the members in the Senate or the House of Representatives. Majority rule: A principle of democracy that the greater number of citizens in any political unit should select officials and determine policies. Majority rule is one of the most important principles of democracy but is not always practiced in societies that value consensus.   Media: news organizations that deliver information through television, radio, newspaper, or the Internet.   Midterm election: a general election that does not occur during a presidential election year. In a midterm election, some members of the US Senate, members of the House of Representatives, and many state and local positions are elected. Minority party: the political party that is represented by less than 50% of the members in the Senate or the House of Representatives.   Minority rights: the principle of a constitutional democracy that government elected by a majority must respect the basic right of minorities. National convention:  National Party meeting where candidates are selected and the platform is created. Natural-born citizen:  citizenship requirements for running for President. Negative ads:  political advertisements that attack the candidates opponent, often trying to destroy the opponents character. Nominee: the candidate a political party chooses or nominates, to run in the national election. Nonpartisan: free from party affiliation or bias. Opinion polls: surveys that ask members of the public how they feel about different issues. Partisan: relating to a particular political party;  biased in support of a side; favoring one side of an issue. Personal appearance: an event that a candidate attends in person. Platform: A political partys formal statement of basic principles, stands on major issues, and objectives Policy: position the government takes on what role the government should have in solving the issues facing our country. Political symbols: The Republican Party is symbolized as an elephant. The Democratic Party is symbolized as a donkey. Political Action Committee (PAC): an organization that is formed by an individual or special interest group to raise money for political campaigns. Political machines:  an organization linked to a political party that often controlled local government Political parties: organized groups of people who share similar beliefs about how the government should be run and how the issues facing our country should be solved. Poll:  sample of opinions taken from a random group of people; used to show where citizens stand on issues and/or candidates. Polling place:  a place where voters go to cast their votes in an election. Pollster:  someone who conducts surveys of public opinion. Popular vote: a  tally of all the votes citizens have cast in the presidential election. Precinct:  a district of a city or town marked out for administrative purposes -usually 1000 persons. Press secretary: a person who deals with the media for the candidate Presumptive nominee:  the candidate who is assured of his or her partys nomination, but has not yet been formally nominated Presidential ticket: the joint listing of the presidential and vice presidential candidates on the same ballot as required by the Twelfth Amendment. Primary election: an election in which people vote for the presidential candidate they want to represent their political party in the national election.   Primary season: the months during which states hold primary elections. Public interest group:  an organization that seeks a collective good that will not selectively and materially benefit the members of the group. Record: information about how a politician has voted on bills and statements made about issues while serving in office. Recount: counting the votes again if there is some disagreement about the election process Referendum:  Ã‚  a proposed piece of legislation (a law) that people can directly vote on. (also called a ballot measure, initiative or proposition)  Ã‚  Referendums approved by the voters become law.   Representative:  a member of the House of Representatives, also called a congressman or congresswoman Republic:  Ã‚  A country that has a government in which power is held by the people who elect representatives to manage the government for them.   Right: another word for conservative political views. Running mate: a candidate who is running for office with another candidate on the same ticket. (Example: president and vice president). succession:  a word that refers to the sequence of who will become President after an election or in an emergency. suffrage:  the right, privilege, or act of voting. Swing voters: voters who do not have a commitment to a particular political party. Taxes: money paid by citizens to fund the government and public services. Third party: any political party other than the two major parties (Republican and Democratic).   Town Hall meeting:  discussion in which people in the community voice opinions, ask questions and hear responses from candidates running for office. Two-party system: political party system with two major political parties. Voting age: The 26th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution says that people have the right to vote when they turn 18. Voting Rights Act: An act passed in 1965 that protected the right to vote for all U.S. citizens. It forced the states to obey the U.S. Constitution. It made it clear that the right to vote could not be denied because of a person’s color or race. Vice President:  the office that also serves as the President of the Senate. Ward:  a district into which a city or town is divided for the purpose of administration and elections.